Section A
Q1.
(a) How are aggregates classified based on particle size? What is bulking of sand?
(i) How are aggregates classified based on particle size? What is bulking of sand?
(ii) How is workability of concrete defined as per Indian Standard Specification IS 1199 - 1959 ? Briefly explain the method of measurement of workability through compacting factor test.
(b) A semi-composite steel bar as shown in Figure 1 is loaded at free end with an axial load of 50 kN. Determine the axial stiffness of the system and extension of the free end. Diameter of steel bar is 40 mm, outer diameter of the concrete portion is 200 mm. Modulus of elasticity of steel = 200 GPa, Modulus of elasticity of concrete = 20 GPa. Central portion of the bar is embedded with concrete.
(c) A machine is mounted at the centre of a simple supported beam that can exert a harmonic load F(t) = 20 sin (0.12 t) kN in vertical direction. The length of beam is 4 m and its cross-section is uniform throughout. Cross-section of beam: width 20 mm and depth 40 mm. A weight W = 200 N is suspended from the centre of the beam by a spring of spring constant Ks = 40 N/m. Determine the natural frequency of the weight W. Neglect mass of the beam and weight of machine. E = 2 × 105 MPa.
(d) A cable of uniform cross-section hangs between two points A and B, which are 150 m apart. The end 'A' of the cable is 3 m above the other end of the cable. The sag of the cable measured from 'B' is 2 m. If the cable carries a UDL of 12 kN/m, determine the maximum tension in the cable. Also find the horizontal pull.