Q1.
(a)
Q1. Explain the criteria for selecting materials for low cost housing, mass housing and high-rise buildings.
Q1. Describe various methods of contouring and explain how contour maps are used in preparing a topographical map.
Q1.
(b)
Describe in detail the masonry construction principles for brick, stone and block masonry. Outline the components and functions of a railway turnout and crossing and their significance in railway track design.
Q1.
(c)
Write a short note on detailed estimate, approximate estimate and specification writing.
Q1.
(d) Describe timber as a construction material with reference to its properties, defects, seasoning and preservation treatments. Also discuss its use in low cost and mass housing.