Section A
Q1.
(a) An analog signal band limited to 3.3 kHz is sampled above Nyquist rate to have a guard band of 1.4 kHz. The samples are quantized into 4 levels. The quantization levels Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4 are assumed to be independent and occur with probabilities P1 = 1/2, P2 = 1/4, P3 = P4 = 1/8. Determine the information rate of the source.
(b) A feedback control system is given by the following figure : K(s + 1)s (s + 2) (s + 3) (s + 4) E(s) \mathbbR(s) → C(s) Find the value of K' so that there is 10% error in the steady state.
(c) By taking suitable examples, differentiate between concurrency and parallelism in the context of processes in operating systems.
(d) Given magnetic field \overrightarrowH = (x + 2y)/(z2) \overrightarrowax + (z)/(2) \overrightarrowaz A/m in free space, evaluate ∮ H . dL, where the anticlockwise closed path for the integration is the boundary defining the closed surface 2 m < x < 3 m, 3 m < y < 6 m and z = 3 m.
(e) What is the importance of oxidation in VLSI technology? Which types of oxidation are used to grow gate oxide and field oxide in the fabrication of NMOS transistor? Justify your answer.
(f) Two stations have LOS communication link with half-wave antenna at 200 km distance. If the transmitter transmits 10 kW power at 300 MHz, what is the maximum power received ? The directivity gain of each antenna is 1.6.
