Section A
Q1.
(a)
A straight 20 cm diameter pipeline 4 km long is laid between two reservoirs having a difference of levels of 40 m. To increase the capacity of the system, an additional 2 km long, 20 cm diameter pipe is laid parallel from the upper reservoir to the mid-point of the original pipe. Find the increase in discharge due to installation of the new pipe.
Assume f as 0.00625.
(b) What is cavitation ? How does it affect the performance of hydraulic machines? Also mention the significance of Thoma cavitation number.
(c) A well is pumping near a barrier boundary at a rate of 0.04 m3/s from a confined aquifer 20 m thick. The hydraulic conductivity of the aquifer is 3.5 × 10-4 m/s and its storativity is 3 × 10-5. Determine the drawdown in the observation well after 15 hours of continuous pumping. What is the fraction of the drawdown attributable to the impermeable barrier boundary?