Section A
Q1. 9 m3 of concrete mix is to be prepared using 40 bags of cement. As per design, 800 litres of water is to be added. Determine the water - cement ratio. If by mistake, the mason adds more than 800 litres water, how does the increased water - cement ratio influence the properties of concrete ? What are the various economic factors generally considered for selecting equipment for a construction project ? Also discuss how versatility of the equipment is advantageous in reducing ownership and operating cost of equipment. What are the important features of 'Resource Smoothing' and 'Resource Levelling' approaches you understand to solve resource allocation problem for a construction project ? For a plain cement concrete pavement, the coefficient of friction is 1.5, the tensile strength of concrete is 1.2 kg/cm2, and the unit weight of concrete is 2400 kg/m3. Determine the spacing of contraction joints in pavement, which will be adopted here, as per Indian specifications. Also determine the spacing between the expansion joints, if expansion joint gap is 2.2 cm, maximum increase in temperature is expected to be 26°C after the pavement construction, and thermal coefficient is 10 × 10-6 per °C. Levelling was carried out in an area, but while computing the values in the table below, some of values became illegible due to sudden rain drops. Find the missing values and check your answer. Also show computations.
(a) Station
(b) BS (m)
(c) IS (m)
(d) FS (m)
(e) HI (m)
(f) RL (m)
(g) Remarks
